Medium-temperature supermarket refrigeration conversion from CFC-12 to HCFC-22 (R-12 to R-22).

Medium-temperature supermarket refrigeration conversion from CFC-12 to HCFC-22 (R-12 to R-22). by D. H. Walker Download PDF EPUB FB2

Converting supermarkets to HCFC, I?, takes careful planning By Tom Mahoney BALTIMORE, Md.-Converting the supermarket refrigeration systems in America's 40, supermarkets from CFC and CFC to HCFC isn't rocket science-but it isn't for appren- tices, either.

The stakes are high. Down time for a supermarket quickly. Conversion of a Waste Refrigerant Mixture containing CFC, HCFC and HFCa to Non-Crosslinked Fluoropolymer in a Non-Thermal Plasma Sazal K.

Kundu,1 Eric M. Kennedy,1 John C. Mackie,1 Clovia I. Holdsworth,2 Thomas S. Molloy,1 Vaibhav V. Gaikwad,1 and Bogdan Z.

Dlugogorski1 1Process Safety and Environment Protection Research Group, School of Engineering, The University. TABLE 1 The Normal Boiling-Points and Critical Tempratures and Pressures for R and R Refrigerant Normal boiling Critical point point Pressure (kPa) Temperature R R 4 HCFC 22 as a replacement./or CFC 12 3 J Condenser / pressure 3 ~1 Evaw>r~,tor / [ pressule /~'~ 4 1 / Co,~sta nt 7' 6 Fig.

by: 2. HFCa retrofit for CFC UNEP IE: Catalogue of Technologies for Protecting the Ozone Layer, Refrigeration, Air Conditioning and Heat Pumps. Norway, HFCa is a leading candidate in replacing CFC in refrigerators and freezers.

Problems: Studies show from 1% less to 7% higher energy consumption than CFC Problem of finding. Some commonly used hydrocarbons as a refrigerant such as CFC, HCFC, HFCa, HFC, R, RA, R etc.

have relatively high ozone depletion. sion/Retrofi t Of Alternate Refrigerants In Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Equipment (U.L. Copeland’s lubricant recommendation for use with RB/A is a mixture of 50% mineral oil and 50% alkylbenzene. Copeland approved polyol ester lubricants can also be.

Provides information on the HCFC phaseout that is relevant to food retailers, including alternatives to the use of HCFC in retail food refrigeration, other refrigerant regulations, and resources for more information. You may need a PDF reader to view some of the files on this page.

See EPA’s About PDF page to learn more. One alternative available today is to use HCFC as an interim substitute. HCFC is available in large amounts, has a very low ozone depletion factor', and has a greenhouse potential that is comparable to the new proposed refrigerants.

HCFC could easily be used for high and medium temperature applications. CFCs and HCFCs were phased out due to the Chlorine that they contained.

In the s it was found out that the Chlorine was damaging the O-Zone layer and due to the excessive use and venting of CFCs/HCFCs into the atmosphere a hole in the O-Zone had formed.

HCFC, commonly referred to as R, is used. as a refrigerant in many applications, including residential air conditioning (AC) systems. Starting on January 1,U.S. production and import of HCFC will end, but you may continue to use HCFC in your existing system for as long as necessary.

HCFC that is recovered and. toR in medium temperature capacity in lowtemperature refrigeration A/C retroit. RF 32//a Genetron Performax™LT and: Honeywell R Blend HFC Synthetic(POE, PVE) NewEquipment Retroits Bestperformance match highesteficiency toR In most cases one POEoil change is suficient.

1) Production of R11 or CFC was halted by the clean air act on January 1, 2) Production of R12 or CFC (Dichlorodifluoromethane) was halted by the clean air act on January 1, 3) R22 or HCFC is a single component HCFC refrigerant with low ozone depletion potential.

It has long been used in a variety of air-conditioning and refrigeration applications in a variety of markets. Solstice A is an excellent refrigerant option for direct expansion refrigeration low- and medium-temperature applications, including commercial and industrial refrigeration, con-densing units, plug-ins and transport refrigeration like trucks and trailers, powered vans or reefer con tainers.

Refrigerants commonly used in commercial refrigeration applications include CFC, HCFC, CFC and R (CFC) has been used for many years in medium-temperature applications including meat, dairy and product refrigerators and coolers as well as preparation areas.

Refrigeration capacities for CFC substitutes ranged from 9 percent lower to 9 percent higher than capacities for CFC Capacities for refrigerant blends containing HCFC tended to be higher than capacities for CFC and other substitutes for CFC Evaporating pressures for HFCa closely matched those for CFC   The supermarket sector is sitting on a lot of R equipment, much of it generated in those years between the phaseout of CFCs such as R and in supermarket refrigeration, and the introduction of HFCs such as RA and Supermarket owners whose systems run on R for medium- and low-temperature applications are looking at.

FORANEQ FX56 (RA) and the [email protected] FX57, both blends based on HCFC, HCFC and HCFCb7 formulated to be "drop-in'' products for the R replacement (no oil chang necessary in most cases). RA is a very efficient option for commercial showcase retrofits ani domestic refrigeration maintenance.

The emission factors (EFs) of HFCa, HCFC, and CFC from the on-road operating MACs are ±±and ± mg km –1 veh –1, respectively. Normalized by the percentages of vehicles using different refrigerants in their MACs, the emission rates of HFCa, HCFC, and CFC are, and mg h. HCFC, but the operating pressures are fairly large compare to HCFC Discharge temperature (T D): Fig.

3 shows the discharge temperatures for HCFC and al. The Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) has undertaken a project to investigate the best approach for the conversion of medium-temperature supermarket refrigeration from R (CFC) to R (HCFC) so that the maximum energy-savings benefit can.

International Refrigeration Conference, Purdue, USA, [3] Mark W. Spatz and Samuel F. Yana Motta, “An Evaluation of Options for Replacing HCFC in Commercial Refrigeration Systems”, International Congress of Refrigeration, Washington D.C., USA, CFC 01/01/96 Chillers CFC " Automobiles CFC " Small appliances HCFC 01/01/30 Chillers HCFC 01/01/20 Chillers HCFC " Window air-conditioners HCFC " Central air-conditioners Refrigerant Phaseout Dates Table 1—Ozone-depleting substances and their phaseout dates.

Figure 1—Cylinder of CFC, a widely used refrigerant.d. will violate the U.L. Standard For Field Conversion/Ret-rofi t Of Alternate Refrigerants In Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Equipment (U.L.

Copeland’s lubricant recommendation for use with HFCa is a Polyol Ester (POE), for a complete list of Copeland approved lubricants refer to. Replaces CFC in auto air conditioning and in residential, commercial and industrial refrigeration systems.

For new equipment. Genetron ® AZ ® RA: Widely accepted to replace HCFC in air conditioning and refrigeration applications. For new equipment – not for retrofits. refrigeration industry. It is used widely in supermarket applications, food service and warehousing, transport refrigeration, cascade systems for very low temperatures, and other assorted applications.

It offers good capacity and efficiency without suffering from the high compressor discharge temperatures that can be seen with HCFC   The EPA fined Wal-Mart Stores Inc. $, for selling pound cylinders of HCFC and ounce cans of CFC to noncertified buyers at Sam's Club. The agency also fined Dominick's Finer Foods LLC $85, for excessive refrigerant leaks at 23 of its Chicago-area supermarkets.

CFC−12 HCFC−22 HFC−a This study Rigby et al () Rigby et al () UNFCCC Daniel et al () Saikawa et al () Fortems−Cheiney et al () Fig. Optimized global total emissions of HCFC, HFCa, and CFC based on global surface monitoring site. Purchasing Freon™ refrigerants by The Chemours Company provides a reliable supply of high-quality refrigerants to use in new equipment and retrofit opportunities, and to service installed air conditioning and refrigeration systems.

HFC refrigerants have no chlorine on the molecule, which gives them a zero ozone depletion potential (ODP) versus chlorine-containing refrigerants like CFC (ODP=1) or HCFC (ODP=).

But the new environmental concern in the air, global warming, casts HFCs in a less favorable light due to their relatively high global warming potential. HCFC/HCFCb R, N (CFC only) R, N (CFC only) R, N (CFC only) RA Choice RA R, N (CFC, R only) R, N R** R,N R, N ISCEON 39TC Substances in Commercial Refrigeration under the Significant New Alternatives Policy (SNAP) Program as of Ma Substitutes (Name Used in Federal Register) Trade Name Temp.

ODS. The quantity of refrigerant HCFC in the largest refrigeration system m HCFC is limited to; lb / ft3 ( kg/ m 3) of occupied space. The quantity of refrigerant HFCa, or m HFCa, is limited to 8 lb / ft 3 ( kg/ m 3) of occupied space.

A flame-sustaining device in an occupied space must be provided with a. The EPA ruling has legalized the use of hydrocarbons propane, isobutane, and a chemical known as RA (a hydrocarbon blend also known as HCRC) as refrigerants to replace chlorofluorocarbon CFC and hydrochlorofluorocarbon HCFC in household refrigerators, freezers, combination refrigerator-freezers, and commercial stand-alone units.According to Crouse, "R was a smarter choice than HCFC for replacing both R (a mix of HCFC and CFC) and CFC in low and medium tempera- ture refrigeration applications.

Since R is a long-term, HFC-based alter- native, there will be no need to retrofit the system later on, saving us time and money.".